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Cosmology

Investigating the origin, evolution, fundamental structure, and ultimate fate of the entire universe.

Explore by Cosmology

Rendering of an ancient metal-poor sub-giant star in the Milky Way halo used for cosmic chronometry.

July 31, 2026

How Old Is the Universe? 155,600 Ancient Stars, a 13.73 Gyr Floor, and the Hubble Tension

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The South Pole Telescope stationed in Antarctica under a starry night sky

July 30, 2026

South Pole Telescope Finds 7,190 Galaxy Clusters: Inside the SPT-3G 5-Year Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Catalog

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Conceptual diagram of cosmic bulk flow and the kinematic dipole aligned with the CMB

July 29, 2026

Does Dark Energy Exist? Tilted Observers, the >7σ q₀ Dipole, and Pantheon+ Deceleration

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Conceptual rendering of axion Early Dark Energy scalar fields warping the comoving sound horizon in deep space.

July 28, 2026

Is Early Dark Energy Dead? Axion EDE and the 3.3σ Hubble Tension

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Abstract representation of the early universe plasma and glowing mathematical equations illustrating a varying electron mass.

July 27, 2026

Was the Electron Heavier in the Early Universe? Varying mₑ and the Hubble Tension

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Visualization of AGN feedback ejecting hot baryonic gas from a galaxy cluster to resolve the S8 tension.

July 26, 2026

Did AGN Feedback Solve the S8 Tension? SPT-3G Compton-y Maps & 21σ Cross-Correlation

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3D rendering of spacetime curvature and the cosmic microwave background grid demonstrating gravitational lensing.

July 25, 2026

Is the Universe Flat or Closed? The Ω_k Curvature Tension After ACT DR6 and DESI DR2

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3D visualization of a toroidal universe intersecting with the cosmic microwave background spheres.

July 24, 2026

Is the Universe a Donut? Cosmic Topology, Matched Circles, and the E1–E18 Manifold Search

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Theoretical visualization of subsolar primordial black holes forming in the early universe during the QCD phase transition.

July 23, 2026

Are Primordial Black Holes Dark Matter? CMB μ-Distortion Limits & QCD-Epoch Formation

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FAQs about Cosmology

Cosmology is the scientific study of the entire universe. It asks questions about how the universe began, how it has evolved, and what its ultimate fate will be.

The Big Bang Theory is our best explanation for how the universe started. It states that the universe began as an extremely hot, dense point about 13.8 billion years ago and has been expanding and cooling ever since.

These are the two biggest mysteries in cosmology. Dark matter is an invisible substance that provides extra gravity to hold galaxies together. Dark energy is a mysterious force that is causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate.

Because light takes time to travel, looking at distant galaxies is like looking back in time. Telescopes like Hubble and James Webb allow us to see galaxies as they were billions of years ago, giving us clues about the early universe.