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Cosmology

Investigating the origin, evolution, fundamental structure, and ultimate fate of the entire universe.

Explore by Cosmology

Visualization of the cosmic web showing galaxies embedded in dark matter filaments forming the large scale structure of the universe

February 9, 2026

James Webb Dark Matter Map Reveals Cosmic Web

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Jupiter gas giant planet showing swirling atmospheric clouds, storm systems and complex cloud patterns in pale blue and white tones

February 6, 2026

CMB Anomalies Reveal Universe's Preferred Direction—5-Sigma Challenge

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Crewed spacecraft in lunar orbit with Earth visible in background and Moon prominently displayed showing space exploration mission configuration

February 2, 2026

Artemis II: Humanity Returns to Moon After 54 Years

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Bluish spherical globular cluster containing densely packed stars with bright central core surrounded by diffuse halo of older stellar objects

February 1, 2026

MoM-z14: Earliest Galaxy 280 Million Years After Big Bang

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Curved relativistic jet from black hole showing high-energy particle acceleration and blue luminous plasma discharge into space

January 26, 2026

Migdal Effect First Direct Observation: Breakthrough for Light Dark Matter Detection

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Artistic visualization of a supermassive black hole surrounded by a glowing orange accretion disk, embedded in the blue cosmic web of gas, galaxies, and a distant planet-like world.

December 28, 2025

Cosmic Dawn and Early Black Hole Formation

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Artistic visualization of the observable universe showing the transition from the cosmic microwave background to the large-scale cosmic web filled with bright galaxies and clusters.

December 25, 2025

Weakening Dark Energy and Universe Fate

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Oval full-sky map of the cosmic microwave background showing subtle blue and orange temperature fluctuations across the observable universe against a faint starry background.

December 19, 2025

CMB Polarization and Early Universe Physics

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A dramatic scientific visualization of a supermassive black hole, featuring a swirling, fiery orange accretion disk and massive, dark filaments of cosmic gas spiraling into the central core.

December 6, 2025

CMB Lensing and Small-Scale Anisotropies

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FAQs about Cosmology

Cosmology is the scientific study of the entire universe. It asks questions about how the universe began, how it has evolved, and what its ultimate fate will be.

The Big Bang Theory is our best explanation for how the universe started. It states that the universe began as an extremely hot, dense point about 13.8 billion years ago and has been expanding and cooling ever since.

These are the two biggest mysteries in cosmology. Dark matter is an invisible substance that provides extra gravity to hold galaxies together. Dark energy is a mysterious force that is causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate.

Because light takes time to travel, looking at distant galaxies is like looking back in time. Telescopes like Hubble and James Webb allow us to see galaxies as they were billions of years ago, giving us clues about the early universe.